British Administration and Development Measures
Understand Cornwallis's permanent revenue settlement, the creation of zamindari intermediaries and its operation in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
Topic article hub
8 bilingual articles
Permanent Settlement of 1793
Understand Cornwallis's permanent revenue settlement, the creation of zamindari intermediaries and its operation in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
Open article →Ryotwari Settlement and Thomas Munro
Learn direct settlement with the cultivator, assessment and transfer rights, and Thomas Munro's Madras chronology.
Open article →Mahalwari and the Three-System Comparison
Complete the land-revenue picture through Bentinck's 1833 mahalwari arrangement and compare payer, intermediary and assessment in all three systems.
Open article →Cornwallis: Civil, Judicial and Police Reforms
Trace the court hierarchy, separation of revenue and justice, civil-service rules, thana police and the later return of magisterial power to collectors.
Open article →Civil-Service Training: Fort William and Fort St George
Follow Wellesley's training programme, Fort William, East India College and the Madras institution linked to the Dravidian language-family idea.
Open article →Education from the Madrasa to Macaulay, 1781-1835
Trace the institutional and policy sequence from Hastings and Cornwallis through the 1813 Charter, Hindu College and Bentinck-Macaulay changes.
Open article →Wood's Dispatch and the University System, 1843-1857
Learn Dalhousie's vernacular and grants-in-aid policy, James Thomason's design, Wood's comprehensive dispatch and the Presidency universities.
Open article →Railways, Post-Telegraph and Irrigation Public Works
Trace Dalhousie's rail argument, dated lines, telegraph expansion and every source-listed dam and canal with ecological limits.
Open article →Article access
Preview freely, then unlock focused reading
Each permanent article page includes its summary, learning context and sources. Registration unlocks all complete bilingual articles for 24 hours; Annual All Access continues afterward for ₹1,499/year.